The Causes And Symptoms Of Diabetes - 2151 Words

In recent years, Russia has been dealing with a variety of nationwide health problems. These include the raging diabetes epidemic that they have been trying to avoid for decades. According to Chelsea Caesar of the Moscow Times, â€Å"Four million people have been diagnosed with diabetes in Russia, and almost 6 million people are unaware of their disease.†. This is seriously affecting their general population. Russia should focus their time and money on treatment and research for Diabetes, since it is so greatly affecting their economic, lifestyle and health status. To start out, it would be beneficial to discuss what exactly diabetes is, along with it’s major causes and symptoms. Diabetes is defined as a disease that affects the body’s†¦show more content†¦There is no cure for diabetes but there are a variety of treatment options that are available, the most common being insulin therapy. Insulin therapy entails getting regular insulin supplements to reme dy high blood sugar that is common in diabetic patients. Other more affordable treatment options include exercising and improved diet, but unless done consistently throughout one s life, don’t work as well as taking insulin therapy. The most effective way to remedy diabetes is to both exercise and be on a diet along with taking insulin supplements. This combination comes at the expense of a significant amount of time and money, which is why a lot of Russian diabetics simply settle for one, or none at all. With the discussion of money and financial impact of diabetes, one of the most severe effects that diabetes has had is involving Russia’s economy. The lack of financial aid for those who can’t afford insulin supplements from the government forced people into economic shambles. â€Å"The burden on the economy is considerable.†, Caesar Chelsea states in a an article published by the Moscow Times, â€Å"In Russia, the annual cost of caring for diabetic patients is $12.5 billion.† If financial aid were to be provided out of the government’s pocket, Russian citizens might not have to worry as much about spending the last bit of money from a month’s paycheck on insulin supplements, giving them more time to live like any other normal person. Although there

Things You Should Know About The Tempest Essay Topics

Things You Should Know About The Tempest Essay Topics It really can change the direction you use to live life. It's in this portion of The Tempest that someone can witness the way the themes of time and power connect. Prospero's many different kinds of power in the play can be viewed as good and bad. The transition isn't complete, however, and might not become complete, even by the conclusion of the play. Vital Pieces of the Tempest Essay Topics Writing an excellent persuasive essay is not a simple task, however, it's achievable. You have to be at first really clear about what you would like to write, than you need to craft a topic based on the subject of your essay on Shakespeare. Keep reading to discover more aboutTempest Essays, and figure out how you can get a distinctive and high standard Tempest essay online. Utilize Kermode and Barker and Hulmes essays to back up your thesis. In case the latter is true, the topic has to be chosen dependent on its depth and controversial nature. It isn't that your furry friend doesn't enjoy the post, the problem is you have to concentrate on the perfect one and know what things to buy. Also, you have to ensure that the post is secure and doesn't offer any odds of getting injured. It is ideal for unwinding in sunlight and even to taste the standard nourishment at the many cafes and bars. In summer, it's at the focus of the occasions sorted out by the area of Positano. Spiaggia Grande It's the key seashore of Positano. It is the principal seashore of Positano. To begin with, individuals are getting more aware they can buy electronic appliances, antiques and a number of jewellery at far lower price, instead of buying new ones in expensive stores. You aren't going to experience that much discomfort in regards to lifting bags and getting them inside the vehicle and house. Some businesses may need you to remove or eli minate furniture, so check to determine if the business you employ can finish the eradication without forcing you to devote the extra cash on new furniture or linens. When you decided upon the scratching post, it's time to embrace different supplies that have great added benefits and make your life easier in precisely the same time. The Basics of the Tempest Essay Topics That You Will be Able to Benefit From Starting Today You even don't need to devote lots of money get the interior design as expert interior designers Gurgaon will always begin the job within the budget you've got father undertaking. The internet websites are obtainable for you offering the very best product at the very best price. the Tempest Essay Topics Help! When prior brainstorming is finished, you might begin drafting your essay. The multiple topics could possibly be found, for instance, in the dissertation abstracts international database. There is an assortment of motives, order and structures that joi n with each other to form some of the most fascinating observations brought by means of this play. Freedom, among the larger themes in the play, due to the easy identification and numerous references. You may get a smaller sized cage at the start as soon as the parrot is a baby nonetheless you'll need to switch it quicker than you are perhaps thinking. If you wish to breed or show the cat, then you need to get in touch with a registered breeder to discover decent superior animals. Siamese cats are a very common breed of cat and may also be quite pricey, based on the breeder and the bloodline of the cat. Picking the ideal cat scratching post is a difficult job, since you will never know if your feline will actually utilize it. Choosing The Tempest Essay Topics Is Simple Immersion caused by floods and tempest floods will likewise essentially help determine the tasks of several port offices. Instantly you will find that life is good. Alonso is regenerated because of his repen tance. This rider provided by HCSL insurance provides you with a protection against a complete loss suffered by your bike. Ruthless Tempest Essay Topics Strategies Exploited Furthermore, the lending company will just interview the borrower for an extremely brief period. According to money pros, it's the simplest sort of loan that has a which can be availed within this modern generation. A personal loan is largely availed by a specific person as a result of their private purposes regarding where they would like to devote the amount on. An individual loan is one of the commonest loans that are being availed by folks nowadays since it's deemed to have the swiftest process of being accepted compared to other sorts of loans.

Personal Computers And Laptops Essays - Classes Of Computers

Personal Computers And Laptops The two types of computers that are the most common people use are the Personal computer, and the Laptop computer. Most people would say that there is not that much difference between the two, but they have no idea how wrong they are. The Personal computer is what the majority of the people have in their homes. PC is a term that means personal computer use. With these Personal computers, people can use it at home, school, or at a business. These computers can store abundant memory and space. The computers themselves have a glass monitor, like a television screen, which enables people to see more colors. It also has a higher resolution rate so people can see more clearly. The Personal computer can have some remarkable features added to it. People can add printers, bigger speakers, desktop scanner beds, and best of all, a bigger hard drive. People can create a desktop or tower into a server that goes through the server and networking systems to the multiple computers. An example of that would be; a hotel manager sitting behind his computer watching every single thing the desk clerk in the lobby would put into his computer. This way, the manager can supervise the desk clerk. Also through a regular Personal computer, people can install a magrox duel head video card that will allow people to hook up two monitors, so people can split their desktop for more working space. Plus, most Personal computers have a mouse that people use for pointing and clicking. The Laptop is a computer that is light weight and portable for easy transportation, which makes life easier to take on business trips, vacations, and anywhere people want to take it. Laptop simply means that people can set the computer down on their lap, desk, or on any flat surface. As far as memory goes, Laptops only hold twenty-five gigs. The Laptop computers themselves have a plastic screen that reduces the resolution rate. This is why people have such a hard time seeing things on the computer. No matter where people sit in front of the computer screen, it will always produce different colors; therefore, making it harder to read the screen. People cannot, however, have a Laptop act as a server like a Personal computer can. Laptop's computers also do not have a mouse, because it would be too hard to carry one around all the time. So Laptops usually have a touch screen computer, a touch pad that is just below the keyboard, or a tiny round button that sticks out from the keyboard keys, called a sensitivity button. It is always amazing to see what new and improved technology companies are coming out with today. The computer will always be with us, whether it is for people's personal use for fun, jumping on a plane with their Laptop by their side, or just surfing the World Wide Web.

How to Write Finance Term Paper Guidelines for Students

How to Write Finance Term Paper Guidelines for Students Effective written communication skills are of great importance to anyone at university and in a future career. That’s why academic writing is an essential part of the education process and typically, college and university students are assigned lots of different papers in practically all college subjects and finance is no exception. There are different types of written assignments you may need to complete as a part of your coursework in finance, for example, business essay, business reports, case studies, research papers etc. In this finance term paper writing guide, we will concentrate on writing a finance term paper but the principles we discuss here may be applied to other different types of communication. You will learn: what a finance term paper is; how to choose a winning topic; how to structure your finance term paper and organize the writing process; how to edit and proofread your term paper in finance. Besides, you’ll find here a short list of impressive term paper topics that can serve you as great ideas for your inspiration. Keep reading. What Is Finance Term Paper? A finance term paper is a research paper that students who study finance in college have to complete and submit at the end of the term. Term papers typically account for the major part of student grade in a certain course so you need to approach them seriously. Your assignment when writing your finance term paper may be to describe a concept, an event or argue a certain point. You have to discuss a specific finance topic or issue in detail and your term paper must be several pages in length. It goes without saying that this work must be absolutely original and demonstrate your good understanding of the topic and your analytical and critical thinking skills. The key to the success of your finance term paper is getting its structure right. Let’s outline the structure of a basic term paper. The basic structure of a typical finance term paper is the sequence of certain parts: The Title page includes information about the paper title, its author, and the educational institution; The abstract is a very brief summary of the entire paper; it is one paragraph of not more than 250 words in length (often it is even shorter); The introduction sets the scene or lays background or foundation to the term paper. You need to explain what your topic is and why it is worth studying; Methods section gives details on how the research was conducted; Results section describes the paper’s findings; Discussion section gives a summary of the results, their interpretation and explains why the findings are significant; References include a list of books or articles cited in the paper. Your instructor may offer you to complete your finance term paper in a different format so you need to read the assignment guidelines carefully and follow them in your writing. Now you have an idea of what a finance term paper is so let’s discuss another important question – how to select a winning topic. How to Choose a Great Finance Term Paper Topic Typically, the topics for term papers are assigned by instructors but sometimes, students are given the freedom to select a topic on their own. If you are a beginner in studying finance, it can be rather tricky. Here are some easy tips on how you can successfully do it. Pick a topic you are interested in. You are likely to enjoy writing your term paper and your audience will appreciate your enthusiasm and your passion when reading your work. The writing process is long but it is always easier to do something and overcome difficulties if you like what you are doing; You can look for finance term paper topics ideas online, in authoritative newspapers and journals, in databases of your university library etc.; Choose a topic your already know something about. It will be easier to perform research and evaluate your sources; The majority of topics are too broad to cover them in a limited format so you should always narrow your finance topic to a manageable size that will fit your word limit. For example, the topic ‘profitability of banks’ is too broad for a term paper format so you can narrow it to ‘influence of interest rates on the profitability of banks’. Lack ideas for writing your finance paper? Here is a short list of interesting finance term paper topics that can be useful for brainstorming your own ideas. You can also use any of these topic ideas for creating your own term papers in finance. Compare Capital Markets of China and The USA; Future of The Global Financial System; What Was the Effect of The Global Financial Crisis on the Financial System of the United States? Drivers of an Economic Growth in The European Union; How Can We Predict Speculative Asset Bubbles? Analysis of The Profitability Of The USA Banks; How Does Interest Rate Influence Share Price? Aspects of Financial Performance in The Baking Sector; How Does Capital Structure Affect Profitability? Risk Management in an Enterprise. Doing Research If the topic for your research paper was given to you by your instructor, you have to analyze the prompt for keywords that explain the issue or topic, for example, argue, evaluate, discuss, prove, analyze etc. Before you start doing the research, you need to know precisely what you have to do and what content is required. Then, you’ll be able to make an informed choice of your primary and secondary sources. First, you have to plan your research and consider what sources you can use to cover your topic. You have to consult the materials that are available in your university library. You can use books and articles in printed journals or in electronic format, statistics reports, and databases. Create a preliminary list of sources and start reading. To improve your productivity, you can use scanning and skimming techniques. You should also always keep your research question in mind that will help to concentrate only on relevant sources. Reading broadly can help you get a general understanding of your topic and formulate your perspective on the topic. After that, you can focus your reading on more detailed works. You can search for texts that provide details on the issue using library databases and catalog and reference lists in journal articles. When you finish your reading, you should have a strong position on the issue that will help you create a convincing argument and write coherently. Now you can make an outline and start writing the first draft. An outline will help you keep your writing organized so you won’t miss anything and effectively present all the information you have gathered during your research. Writing Your Term Paper When you have gathered the substantive information for your term paper, you should start writing, taking into account 4 critical elements of writing – organization, documentation, style, and revision. We have already explained that all the components of a finance term paper are divided into sections – introduction, literature review, methodology, findings, discussion, and conclusion. You need to use headings and sub-headings in sections to help your readers follow your presentation. As for the style, your writing should be clear and organized. You should present facts, analysis, and theories using simple declarative sentences. You’d better avoid complex constructions that are hard to follow. As for the documentation, you must attribute all quotations and paraphrasing to the original author. You need to precisely specify data sources to help your readers find them if they would like to read more on your topic. There different formats for documenting sources – APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard etc. When writing your project, you should follow the format specified by your instructor. Typically, the author-date-page method is used to reference in the text because it is rather simple. Revision is the final key to the success of your finance term paper. You should always reread your first draft with a critical eye and make changes to improve it. Start writing your first draft to get ideas from your brain onto paper and pay attention to these critical elements while working on the term paper sections. Tips to Writing Finance Term Paper Sections: Pieces of Advice from Our Writers In the introduction, you have to state the main research problem and the thesis argument. You should identify the topic of your research and explain why it is important. You should also outline the key points that you are going to present. In the Methods section, you have to discuss the specific research methodology you have used and how you gathered data. In finance, researchers use a variety of qualitative and quantitative methods and you need to explain why you have chosen specific methods for performing your research. In the literature review, you need to provide the context of the existing knowledge in your field. You have to discuss what is known about the subject of your finance term paper. In the Results section, you have to report on data collection and present the main findings. In the Discussion section, interpret your results and discuss your findings by comparing them with the previous research. In the conclusion, you need to give an answer to the research question and offer perspective for future investigation. An abstract is written after you have completed the entire text of your finance term paper and is required when your paper is long and complex. Its length is between 100 to 300 words. You have to describe the essence of your paper and include information about the research question, methods, and key findings. Your instructor will read this part of your term paper first so you should do your best to impress him/her. How to Edit a Finance Term Paper No matter how much outlining and planning you do before you start writing, your first draft just presents raw material and you need to spend some time to make improvements in content, logic, flow, and style. Effective editing of your finance term paper could mean the difference between a good grade and an excellent one so you should devote enough time to editing your term paper. But before you start doing it, just puts your paper aside for some time so that you could edit it with fresh eyes. Editing your own paper is not easy because you have spent so much time doing research and writing your draft that you got used to your term paper and may experience the so-called writers’ blindness. But editing is a vital step in creating an impressive term paper that can get you a high grade. Here are some useful editing tips to help make your finance term paper perfect. Start the editing process by looking at your finance term paper structure. You may need to rearrange your paragraphs to make your structure more logical; Edit long sentences and paragraphs because they are more difficult to read; Improve your word choice and check overly complicated language. Try to use simple words and phrases and aim for clear and concise language; Fix the repetition of words in the same paragraph or sentence. You can rephrase them or use synonyms. Common words should be used only once in a paragraph; Don’t rely on the spellcheck because it can highlight some misspelling and typos but it can’t detect using the wrong words; Omit unnecessary words that just add to the word count to your term paper but they don’t provide any meaning; Take measures to ensure the consistent spelling of the words that have more than one correct spelling; Check the sentences and put commas where you would pause when speaking aloud; Get rid of ellipses and remove tautologies; Ensure consistent formatting that can make your paper look professional. When you edit your finance term paper and make improvements, read your paper aloud. This technique is often used by experienced writers who use it to find and fix some typical mistakes and typos. Use our easy finance term paper writing tips to achieve better grades and results.

Cmo llenar bien la planilla DS-261 para green card

Cmo llenar bien la planilla DS-261 para green card En la tramitacià ³n de las tarjetas de residencia que se hacen a travà ©s del Centro Nacional de visas (NVC, por sus siglas en inglà ©s), la planilla DS-261 sirve para designar agente con el que la administracià ³n se va a comunicar. En este mismo formulario DS-261 tambià ©n se designa la direccià ³n de dicho agente, es decir, al lugar donde el NVC enviar las comunicaciones.   En este artà ­culo se explica cundo procede este formulario y en que casos no es necesario. Asimismo, quà © personas pueden ser nombradas como agentes. Tambià ©n se dan importantes consejos sobre como llenarlo y en quà © momento se debe enviar y adà ³nde. Cundo se debe completar el DS-261 Primero hay que esperar a recibir notificacià ³n de que la solicitud de peticià ³n de green card ha sido aprobada, lo cual ya se comunicà ³ mediante el documento conocido como NOA2. Adems, es necesario esperar a que llegue la fecha de prioridad en todos los casos de peticiones de green card dentro de categorà ­as sujetos a mximos por aà ±o fiscal. En estos casos lo aconsejable es consultar todos los meses el Boletà ­n de Visas que publica el Departamento de Estado. Quià ©n puede ser designado como agente La ley permite varias opciones, como por ejemplo, el beneficiario para el que se solicita la tarjeta de residencia, el solicitante, un abogado o incluso un familiar o amigo de confianza. Cundo no es necesario designar a un agente   En 3 casos no es necesario: En primer lugar, en los casos de tarjeta de residencia por adopcià ³n. En segundo lugar, en los casos de peticià ³n para uno mismo. Destacar que esos casos son la excepcià ³n, ya   que en la mayorà ­a de los casos las peticiones las realiza un solicitante que puede ser una empresa o un familiar y a favor de un beneficiario.   Y en tercer lugar, cuando se tiene un abogado que ya envià ³ al Servicio de Inmigracià ³n y Ciudadanà ­a (USCIS, por sus siglas en inglà ©s) el formulario G-28, en el que aparece como agente. Cà ³mo llenar la planilla DS-261  (en inglà ©s Choice of Address and Agent) Se llena electrà ³nicamente, para ello  ir a la pgina de internet del Departamento de Estado. Estos son los pasos a seguir: En la là ­nea justo encima de donde pone (Last Name) escribir el apellido (o apellidos)Donde pone (First Name) corresponde el nombre de pilaDonde pone (MI) escribir la inicial del segundo nombre, si se tiene.Por ejemplo, una persona que se llama  Carolina Elvira Vzquez Fernndez tendrà ­a que escribir Vzquez Fernndez   Carolina   E. A continuacià ³n hay cuatro opciones y se  pide que marcar  con una x el cuadradito lo que corresponda al caso. Asà ­: En primer lugar, si se quiere que un abogado o un agente reciba todas las comunicaciones relativas a tu caso, marca la primera opcià ³n, que comienza con las palabras I Appoint. Si esta es la  opcià ³n debe escribirse su nombre completo (name of the person), su nà ºmero de telà ©fono (telephone number), su direccià ³n (street address), su direccià ³n de correo electrà ³nico (email address), su ciudad (city), estado o provincia (state/province), el cà ³digo postal (postal code) y el paà ­s (country). Este abogado o agente puede estar en Estados Unidos o en el extranjero. En segundo lugar, si se quiere  que otra persona que no es el abogado reciba las comunicaciones sobre el caso, entonces marcar con una x la segunda opcià ³n, que es la que empieza con las palabras I do not appoint. En este caso se puede elegir la direccià ³n del solicitante, beneficiario, amigo o familiar. La que resulte ms conveniente sobre todo pensando en cul tiene un servicio de correos ms confiable y quià ©n no piensa mudarse en los siguientes meses.   Donde pone street address hay la opcià ³n de incluir in care of. Esto es porque toda la correspondencia se va a enviar a  nombre del beneficiaroi, pero si en el buzà ³n est el nombre de otra persona, debe incluirse la expresià ³n de In care of y el nombre de esa persona.   En tercer lugar, si ya se ha  recibido tu tarjeta de residencia, por la razà ³n que sea, entonces marcar la tercera opcià ³n, que comienza con I have already legally immigrated to the U.S. Si ese es el caso, incluir el nà ºmero de Alien Registration Number. Por à ºtimo, si ya no se desea emigrar a Estados Unidos, marcar la opcià ³n cuarta, la que dice: I no longer wish to apply for an immigrant visa. Finalmente, firma y fecha el documento, poniendo el mes, dà ­a y aà ±o, en ese orden. Si no se envà ­a el formulario DS-261 en el plazo de 1 aà ±o, el NVC entiende que se ha abandonado la peticià ³n. Consejos a tener en cuenta al completar el formulario En primer lugar, destacar que imprescindible completar el formulario en el idioma inglà ©s. Adems, no se pueden utilizar signos o letras que no existen en esa lengua, por ejemplo, la  ¨Ãƒ ±Ã‚ ¨. Tambià ©n es importante decir que es importante guardar cada poco el formulario segà ºn se va completando, para ello hacer click en la opcià ³n de Save. Si durante ms de 20 minutos no se est activo en la pgina, el sistema se desconecta automticamente, perdià ©ndose todo lo que no haya sido expresamente guardado. Por à ºltimo, mencionar que mentir en un documento migratorio se considera un fraude de ley. Y, si es descubierto, tiene importantes consecuencias para este trmite y cualquier otro.  ¿Dà ³nde se tiene que enviar el formulario DS-261? Darle a submit. Es posible  comunicarse con el Centro Nacional de Visas, si fuera necesario. La à ºnica excepcià ³n son los casos de tarjetas de residencia que se han obtenido al ganar el sorteo de la loterà ­a de visas de la diversidad. En estos casos, comunicarse con el KCC.  ¿Quà © pasa a continuacià ³n? Una vez que el NVC recibe la planilla DS-261, enviar a la direccià ³n que se le dijo en esa planilla una factura para procesar la visa de inmigrante para el esposo que vive fuera de Estados Unidos.   Una vez que se recibe el pago, se recibirn ms instrucciones sobre los documentos a enviar y planillas a llenar y que hay que enviar al NVC como, por ejemplo, la declaracià ³n de sostenimiento econà ³mico, tambià ©n conocido en inglà ©s como affidavit of support. Finalmente se desarrollar una entrevista en un consulado o embajada de los Estados Unidos. Ahà ­ se decidir si se aprueba la visa de inmigrante, que puede negarse por mà ºltiples causas. Si se aprueba, se puede ingresar a Estados Unidos en los siguientes seis meses. El paso por el control migratorio convertir la visa de inmigrante en una tarjeta de residencia, es decir, la green card. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

Research Proposal Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Proposal - Research Paper Example This is because the combination ensures very high level of empirical representation of data as well as consolidates the validity and reliability of data collection and analysis. It is estimated that the present research will cost USD 900 and span for a period of 2 months. It would however become the hub of comprehensive information for Al Waseet to identify its market base and rightly strategize on both short term and long term to take advantage of this market. Background Al Waseet enters the Daily New Paper market as a new entrant who is faced with a number of critical competitions, which if not addressed could affect and undermine the success of the business (Project Management Institute, 2008). But to address the issues effectively, it is important to have a comprehensive marketing research that identifies key opportunities, threats, strengths and weaknesses of the company (Alexis, 2007). It is against this background that the present marketing research proposal is necessary. It w ould be observed that access to information is fast becoming a necessity for the ordinary person on the streets of Bahrain (McClain, 2002). This is partly because the world is shrinking in terms of access to information and becoming closed up under the wheels of globalization. The Daiky Newpaper industry has therefore become competitive in Bahrain. This notwithstanding, Al Waseet is in a position to creating its own competitive advantage that would make it not just a local force in the business but a company with international repute (Perry, 2008). Problem Definition/ Objectives of the Research There exists a well formulated Newspaper industry in Bahrain (Gabby, 2009). This however does not mean that the door is closed to new entrants. The only problem is that new entrants would have to have their own competitive advantages and marketing strategies that would help them win new lines of customers. The objective of the research is therefore to come out with both short term and long te rm strategic marketing plan that would ensure that Al Waseet gains a competitive advantage as a new entrant on the Bahrain market. Approach to the problem As a marketing research, it is highly important that the proposed research have qualities that make it possible to have tangential access to information (Tawiah, 2009). More to this, it is important that data collected can be ascribed to both qualitative and quantitative scrutiny. In light of this, there shall be a mixed approach towards the research whereby the researcher shall use a mixed approach made up of qualitative and quantitative research approaches. Research Design The selection of research design is directly linked to the research approach because the research design should be selected in a way that makes it possible to achieve the provisions of the research approach, which is proposed to be a mixed approach. To this end, the researcher proposes the use of survey research design for the present study. With a survey rese arch design, the researcher will be offered the opportunity to use a number of data collection instruments to collect a combination of qualitative and quantitative data from both the field and from existing literature (Alpha, 2005). Fieldwork/ Data Collection The fieldwork is going to constitute an important component of primary data collection. What this means is that the researcher is going to use fieldwork to collect

Identify two texts dealing with contemporary art practices related to Coursework

Identify two texts dealing with contemporary art practices related to Italy - Coursework Example The paper "Identify two texts dealing with contemporary art practices related to Italy" concerns the two texts dealing with contemporary art practices related to Italy. This group ÃŽ ¿f powerful families wanted to show the world that their learning, piety and taste made them worthy ÃŽ ¿f their high standing in society. Among the greatest patrons were members ÃŽ ¿f the powerful Medici family, who spent money on constructing churches and encouraging art. The works date from the time ÃŽ ¿f Lorenzo de Medici whom Machiavelli called "the greatest patron ÃŽ ¿f art and literature that any prince has ever been. The Florentine government also transferred the responsibility for artistic projects to individual guilds. The guilds formed the basis ÃŽ ¿f the city's political system. For example, during the fourteenth century, the Duomo and Baptistery were allocated to the Wool and Cloth Merchants respectively. The government also established "...guild rivalry as a powerful competitive spur to publ ic patronage in Florence. Females were also energetic artistic patrons and commissioned art in their roles as religious, royalty and noble women. Time and again, agreements with artists were arranged for females by a male family member, a monk, or a priest. Religious women and their communities (holy orders, individual nuns and abbesses) ordered decorations for their convent cells, refectories, and church altarpieces. The Christian church dominated the lives ÃŽ ¿f Europeans and thus embodied both the government and the patron