The Rugmaker of Mazar-E-Sharif Conflict free essay sample

Opium As A Chinese Saga Essay

The Lure That Was China Amidst everything, she withstood the magnificence of her human advancement and past, her heritage and persona, her kin and culture: China is the ever longed for prize of colonization; of corporate greed; of voyagers of yesteryear and up to this point †for she has everything to be glad for in some random time. She has accomplishments, creations, items, individuals, make, craftsmanship, inactive information, methods of reasoning, effortlessness †so with her characteristic assets. Up until the finish of the seventeenth century, China and her kin and their life was as they favored it to be. At that point the West was totally reckless to enjoy China to far reaching exchange. China has most stunning exportable items: porcelain, silk, tea. The West love to have them. Notwithstanding, there is not a lot that the Chinese need from the West †nor find of any utilization. Explicitly Great Britian, Europe couldn't permit an awkwardness exchange. In this way, in 1793, Britain sent an ambassador and effectively was given an Imperial crowd. The variety of European items introduced was superb and would be reasonable for the adjusting of exchange that must be set up between Europe, among Britain and China. It was a failure. The Emperor composed King George: â€Å". . . As your Ambassador can see with his own eyes, we have all things. I set no an incentive on objects bizarre or shrewd, and have no utilization for your country’s fabricates. . . Our Celestial Empire has everything in productive wealth and does not have no item inside its own outskirts. There was hence no compelling reason to import the makes of outside savages in return for our own produce. In any case, as the tea, silk and porcelain which the Celestial Empire produces, are outright necessities to European countries and to yourselves, we have allowed, as a sign characteristic of favor, that remote hongs [merchant firms] ought to be built up at Canton, with the goal that your needs may be provided and your nation in this manner partake in our usefulness. † (Historywiz, 1999-2005) And the issue started. China Sets A Foothold As the West communicated its unsettling about such irregularity of exchange, China thenon shut its entryways from exchange. It detached itself. It permitted particular outside exchange just by means of the City of Canton (presently Guangzhou). The Europeans couldn't get rid of the Chinese products. So their gold and silver paid for what they need. It never streamed back to Europe in light of the fact that there was nothing that the Chinese need from Europe. What drove China to separate itself from Europe is a direct result of the haughtiness the Europeans sought after concerning exchange. To this the Chinese is unaffected. For the Chinese, they are adequate to themselves. Their certainty is a feeling of predominance in their race. Their residential exchange is tremendously rich all alone. China is a nation, a country, a people that is extremely large, productive, rich, exceptionally expanded in characteristic assets. Moreover, as China’s association with the outsiders from that time made them careful. They felt threatened and hence got defensive of itself. Subsequently, the detachment. At that point, especially the British, drew the trick: Opium. Generous Was Opium Supposed To Be Opium has been in China and its utilization as far back as 12 centuries prior. The intention was restorative. It restored looseness of the bowels. Up and until seventeenth century it was sparingly blended in with tobacco as a methods for unwinding. It was said to have been presented by the Arabs, at that point the Portuguese, the Dutch. It is one of the lesser bit of exchange that China enjoys yet positioned leveled out. This is the thing that the British saw to offset things out with China. Be that as it may, â€Å"in 1729, when the imported product was 200 chests, the Emperor Yung Ching gave the main enemy of opium order, instituting extreme punishments on the offer of opium and the opening of opium-smoking divans. The importation, be that as it may, kept on expanding, and by 1790 it added up to more than 4,000 chests every year. In 1796 opium smoking was again denied, and in 1800 the importation of outside opium was again proclaimed unlawful. Opium was presently stash, yet the reality had no impact on the amount brought into the nation, which rose to 5,000 chests in 1820; 16,000 chests in 1830; 20,000 chests in 1838, and 70,000 chests in 1858. † (La Motte) China in this way was frightened with the expanding utilization of opium by its kin. It proclaimed a total disallowance of its exchange. However, the habit that the Chinese advanced into towards the medication, urge Western merchants to infiltrate China. On this the Chinese domain is confronting debasement and extortion in its administration. Administration is turning out to be wasteful and feeble rulers are not, at this point able to confront the issues. Regardless of what laws and punishments are forced on the exchange and utilization of opium, it failed to attract anyone's attention. The benefits were a lot for underground Chinese brokers not to plot with Western sending out merchants. The equalization of exchange is decaying and China was arousing to the scourge. â€Å"In 1839 the Emperor requested Commissioner Lin Tse-Hsu to end the opium exchange. Lin wrote to Queen Victoria, speaking to the British feeling of equity and sympathy: ‘We have heard that in your own nation opium is restricted with the most extreme severity and severity:â€this is a solid verification that you realize without a doubt that it is so pernicious to humankind. From that point forward you don't allow it to harm your own nation, you should not to have the damaging medication moved to another nation, or more all others, how significantly less to the Inner Land! Of the items which China fares to your remote nations, there isn't one which isn't gainful to humanity in some shape or other. There are those which serve for food, those which are helpful, and those which are determined for re-deal; yet all are valuable. Has China (we should jump at the chance to ask) at any point yet sent forward a poisonous article from its dirt? ’ He got no reply. Left all alone to take care of the issue, Lin requested the pulverization of an enormous flexibly of opium put away on Chinese soil. † (HistoryWiz, 1999-2005) Then, the two opium wars followed. China lost. Impacts of Loss Moral Effects All in light of misconception and stubbornness about how to adjust exchange, China needed to encounter a misfortune not simply as far as financial aspects all the more significantly the decimation of their ethical fiber. The irregularity isn't just in exchange however pursuing clash towards qualities and shortcomings, prevalence and pride. The unconscious Chinese toward the end was the person who followed through on the greater cost in light of a fixation he similarly unwittingly created. Due to the bait of the benefits, even the Chinese himself set in opposition to his own countryman’s pulverization of his profound quality. After such a significant number of long stretches of crippling because of the gigantic enslavement of the Chinese and the usurping profiteering of the careful Chinese and remote businesspeople, China for the last time to work itself collectively to kick the propensity. The sovereign arranged that in ten years no more opium traffic will be permitted. Regardless of that China has gigantic separations as a tremendous land; regardless of that have no suitable methods for media transmission; regardless of that they have not many educated individuals †they all chose to dispose of opium. The West consented to help out China to lift them from their ethical subjugation of illicit drug use. Monetary Effects As a defining moment in the life of China as a country and a people, its misfortune tallied in like manner the reducing regional rights it holds. China at that point needed to sign the bargains of Nanjing and Tietsin in give up and permitted its entryways again to global exchange. As outside exchange was sought after, Western shippers purchased silk and tea from China, expanding the volume astoundingly as years passed by. Along these lines, Chinese ranchers selected to surrender delivering food stuff and focused on silk and tea. Along these lines food costs soar. With five additional ports opened, the previous boatmen who worked in Canton ports met with joblessness. Disturbed by rising food costs, the jobless turned out to be increasingly hopeless. It isn't all brilliance with expanded exchange. The moment resurgence of exchange volumes caused a lack in Spanish silver dollars. It must be annulled because of its wild thankfulness and was supplanted by the Mexican dollars. There are additionally uneven characters in the nearby monetary forms. Copper money deteriorated due to insufficient flexibly of copper and the wasteful government. This is an all out demolition of the budgetary frameworks of China and they were left with the presentation of paper cash in 1853. Another business action influenced after the misfortune to the opium war was the material business. Fabrics are created by turn in China. The West got modest machine made fabrics. That executed neighborhood creation. And afterward there is the essential horticulture and home developed businesses that were influenced by the progressions in other business exercises. Free enterprise flooded into China’s cognizance but China was not prepared for the big deal round of private enterprise. They were not that proficient about overseeing benefit and misfortune. Sociological Effects With the despicable misfortune from the opium war, the Chinese lost confidence in the predominance of their race. They came to perceive the predominance of the Westerns. They chose to become more acquainted with them and their ways. The Chinese chose to find the political, social and mechanical expertise of the Western culture. In this manner, they came to know and open up to what discretion and remote relations are about. Political Effects: Since the loss of China was because of the predominance of the Western deadly implements, China investigated the headway of their military and ordnance. They opened present day industrial facilities for current weapons to be created. The manufacturing plants were set not to bring in cash however for reasons for the improvement of Chinese military. The opium war similarly uncovered the inadequacy of the primitive framework. Its Manchu government got unequipped for securing and administering the populace. Neediness won

Problem-Solving Strategies and Obstacles

Problem-Solving Strategies and Obstacles Theories Cognitive Psychology Print Problem-Solving Strategies and Obstacles By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Updated on September 23, 2019 JGI / Jamie Grill / Getty Images More in Theories Cognitive Psychology Behavioral Psychology Developmental Psychology Personality Psychology Social Psychology Biological Psychology Psychosocial Psychology From organizing your movie collection to deciding to buy a house, problem-solving makes up a large part of daily life. Problems can range from small (solving a single math equation on your homework assignment) to very large (planning your future career). In cognitive psychology, the term problem-solving refers to the mental process that people go through to discover, analyze, and solve problems. This involves all of the steps in the problem process, including the discovery of the problem, the decision to tackle the issue, understanding the problem, researching the available options and taking actions to achieve your goals. Before problem-solving can occur, it is important to first understand the exact nature of the problem itself. If your understanding of the issue is faulty, your attempts to resolve it will also be incorrect or flawed. Mental Processes at Work During Problem-Solving There are a number of mental processes at work during problem-solving. These include: Perceptually recognizing a problemRepresenting the problem in memoryConsidering relevant information that applies to the current problemIdentify different aspects of the problemLabeling and describing the problem Problem-Solving Strategies Algorithms: An algorithm is a step-by-step procedure that will always produce a correct solution. A mathematical formula is a good example of a problem-solving algorithm. While an algorithm guarantees an accurate answer, it is not always the best approach to problem-solving. This strategy is not practical for many situations because it can be so time-consuming. For example, if you were trying to figure out all of the possible number combinations to a lock using an algorithm, it would take a very long time!Heuristics: A heuristic is a mental rule-of-thumb strategy that may or may not work in certain situations. Unlike algorithms, heuristics do not always guarantee a correct solution. However, using this problem-solving strategy does allow people to simplify complex problems and reduce the total number of possible solutions to a more manageable set.Trial and Error: A trial-and-error approach to problem-solving involves trying a number of different solutions and ruling out those that do not work. This approach can be a good option if you have a very limited number of options available. If there are many different choices, you are better off narrowing down the possible options using another problem-solving technique before attempting trial-and-error.Insight: In some cases, the solution to a problem can appear as a sudden insight. According to researchers, insight can occur because you realize that the problem is actually similar to something that you have dealt with in the past, but in most cases, the underlying mental processes that lead to insight happen outside of awareness. Obstacles in Problem-Solving Of course, problem-solving is not a flawless process. There are a number of different obstacles that can interfere with our ability to solve a problem quickly and efficiently. Researchers have described a number of these mental obstacles, which include functional fixedness, irrelevant information, and assumptions. Functional Fixedness: This term refers to the tendency to view problems only in their customary manner. Functional fixedness prevents people from fully seeing all of the different options that might be available to find a solution.Irrelevant or Misleading Information: When you are trying to solve a problem, it is important to distinguish between information that is relevant to the issue and irrelevant data that can lead to faulty solutions. When a problem is very complex, the easier it becomes to focus on misleading or irrelevant information.Assumptions: When dealing with a problem, people often make assumptions about the constraints and obstacles that prevent certain solutions.Mental Set: Another common problem-solving obstacle is known as a mental set, which is the tendency people have to only use solutions that have worked in the past rather than looking for alternative ideas. A mental set can often work as a heuristic, making it a useful problem-solving tool. However, mental sets can also lead to inflexibility, making it more difficult to find effective solutions.

Ethics Chapter 1 Ethical Dilemma Essay - 690 Words

Ethics Chapter 1 An Ethical Dilemma – Questions/Exercises 1. What is/are John’s ethical issues? I do not know the exact definition of ethical but I believe it to be related to our behavior and the decisions we make and if they are considered right or wrong by society. I am sure there are times when a situation may be perfectly legal but we may not think it is okay. Keeping this in mind, John’s ethical issues include thoroughly researching IPOs and using this information to his advantage, pocketing profits from the shorting process, disregarding the non-compete clause and allowing mailings to be sent to his clients prior to resigning, indirectly letting his clients know he was personally paying for their expenses instead of†¦show more content†¦I think the potential ethical issues are giving the client season tickets and a vacation in return for purchasing additional inventory, taking the best accounts to Vegas for a thank you party with all expenses paid including adult entertainment and keeping it quiet. 2. What should Acme do if there is a desire to make ethics part of its core organizational values? Acme needs to communicate core values to their employees. Ethics programs need be created and overseen by appointed ethics officers. The ethical component relates to the values, beliefs and established and enforced patterns of conduct that employees use to identify and respond to ethical issues. 3. Identify the ethical issues of which Frank needs to be aware. He should be concerned about the fact he agreed to give the client season tickets and a vacation in return for an increase inventory which resulted in a personal bonus for Frank and achievement recognition. Amber offered the thank you trip but Frank would be telling the client adult entertainment is okay per Amber and it would not get out. Each time he goes to this client with a recommendation to increase inventory, the client is going to expect to get something in return. If other clients find out about this, they may expect the same treatment or they may take their business elsewhere. 4. 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The Causes And Symptoms Of Diabetes - 2151 Words

In recent years, Russia has been dealing with a variety of nationwide health problems. These include the raging diabetes epidemic that they have been trying to avoid for decades. According to Chelsea Caesar of the Moscow Times, â€Å"Four million people have been diagnosed with diabetes in Russia, and almost 6 million people are unaware of their disease.†. This is seriously affecting their general population. Russia should focus their time and money on treatment and research for Diabetes, since it is so greatly affecting their economic, lifestyle and health status. To start out, it would be beneficial to discuss what exactly diabetes is, along with it’s major causes and symptoms. Diabetes is defined as a disease that affects the body’s†¦show more content†¦There is no cure for diabetes but there are a variety of treatment options that are available, the most common being insulin therapy. Insulin therapy entails getting regular insulin supplements to reme dy high blood sugar that is common in diabetic patients. Other more affordable treatment options include exercising and improved diet, but unless done consistently throughout one s life, don’t work as well as taking insulin therapy. The most effective way to remedy diabetes is to both exercise and be on a diet along with taking insulin supplements. This combination comes at the expense of a significant amount of time and money, which is why a lot of Russian diabetics simply settle for one, or none at all. With the discussion of money and financial impact of diabetes, one of the most severe effects that diabetes has had is involving Russia’s economy. The lack of financial aid for those who can’t afford insulin supplements from the government forced people into economic shambles. â€Å"The burden on the economy is considerable.†, Caesar Chelsea states in a an article published by the Moscow Times, â€Å"In Russia, the annual cost of caring for diabetic patients is $12.5 billion.† If financial aid were to be provided out of the government’s pocket, Russian citizens might not have to worry as much about spending the last bit of money from a month’s paycheck on insulin supplements, giving them more time to live like any other normal person. Although there

Things You Should Know About The Tempest Essay Topics

Things You Should Know About The Tempest Essay Topics It really can change the direction you use to live life. It's in this portion of The Tempest that someone can witness the way the themes of time and power connect. Prospero's many different kinds of power in the play can be viewed as good and bad. The transition isn't complete, however, and might not become complete, even by the conclusion of the play. Vital Pieces of the Tempest Essay Topics Writing an excellent persuasive essay is not a simple task, however, it's achievable. You have to be at first really clear about what you would like to write, than you need to craft a topic based on the subject of your essay on Shakespeare. Keep reading to discover more aboutTempest Essays, and figure out how you can get a distinctive and high standard Tempest essay online. Utilize Kermode and Barker and Hulmes essays to back up your thesis. In case the latter is true, the topic has to be chosen dependent on its depth and controversial nature. It isn't that your furry friend doesn't enjoy the post, the problem is you have to concentrate on the perfect one and know what things to buy. Also, you have to ensure that the post is secure and doesn't offer any odds of getting injured. It is ideal for unwinding in sunlight and even to taste the standard nourishment at the many cafes and bars. In summer, it's at the focus of the occasions sorted out by the area of Positano. Spiaggia Grande It's the key seashore of Positano. It is the principal seashore of Positano. To begin with, individuals are getting more aware they can buy electronic appliances, antiques and a number of jewellery at far lower price, instead of buying new ones in expensive stores. You aren't going to experience that much discomfort in regards to lifting bags and getting them inside the vehicle and house. Some businesses may need you to remove or eli minate furniture, so check to determine if the business you employ can finish the eradication without forcing you to devote the extra cash on new furniture or linens. When you decided upon the scratching post, it's time to embrace different supplies that have great added benefits and make your life easier in precisely the same time. The Basics of the Tempest Essay Topics That You Will be Able to Benefit From Starting Today You even don't need to devote lots of money get the interior design as expert interior designers Gurgaon will always begin the job within the budget you've got father undertaking. The internet websites are obtainable for you offering the very best product at the very best price. the Tempest Essay Topics Help! When prior brainstorming is finished, you might begin drafting your essay. The multiple topics could possibly be found, for instance, in the dissertation abstracts international database. There is an assortment of motives, order and structures that joi n with each other to form some of the most fascinating observations brought by means of this play. Freedom, among the larger themes in the play, due to the easy identification and numerous references. You may get a smaller sized cage at the start as soon as the parrot is a baby nonetheless you'll need to switch it quicker than you are perhaps thinking. If you wish to breed or show the cat, then you need to get in touch with a registered breeder to discover decent superior animals. Siamese cats are a very common breed of cat and may also be quite pricey, based on the breeder and the bloodline of the cat. Picking the ideal cat scratching post is a difficult job, since you will never know if your feline will actually utilize it. Choosing The Tempest Essay Topics Is Simple Immersion caused by floods and tempest floods will likewise essentially help determine the tasks of several port offices. Instantly you will find that life is good. Alonso is regenerated because of his repen tance. This rider provided by HCSL insurance provides you with a protection against a complete loss suffered by your bike. Ruthless Tempest Essay Topics Strategies Exploited Furthermore, the lending company will just interview the borrower for an extremely brief period. According to money pros, it's the simplest sort of loan that has a which can be availed within this modern generation. A personal loan is largely availed by a specific person as a result of their private purposes regarding where they would like to devote the amount on. An individual loan is one of the commonest loans that are being availed by folks nowadays since it's deemed to have the swiftest process of being accepted compared to other sorts of loans.

Personal Computers And Laptops Essays - Classes Of Computers

Personal Computers And Laptops The two types of computers that are the most common people use are the Personal computer, and the Laptop computer. Most people would say that there is not that much difference between the two, but they have no idea how wrong they are. The Personal computer is what the majority of the people have in their homes. PC is a term that means personal computer use. With these Personal computers, people can use it at home, school, or at a business. These computers can store abundant memory and space. The computers themselves have a glass monitor, like a television screen, which enables people to see more colors. It also has a higher resolution rate so people can see more clearly. The Personal computer can have some remarkable features added to it. People can add printers, bigger speakers, desktop scanner beds, and best of all, a bigger hard drive. People can create a desktop or tower into a server that goes through the server and networking systems to the multiple computers. An example of that would be; a hotel manager sitting behind his computer watching every single thing the desk clerk in the lobby would put into his computer. This way, the manager can supervise the desk clerk. Also through a regular Personal computer, people can install a magrox duel head video card that will allow people to hook up two monitors, so people can split their desktop for more working space. Plus, most Personal computers have a mouse that people use for pointing and clicking. The Laptop is a computer that is light weight and portable for easy transportation, which makes life easier to take on business trips, vacations, and anywhere people want to take it. Laptop simply means that people can set the computer down on their lap, desk, or on any flat surface. As far as memory goes, Laptops only hold twenty-five gigs. The Laptop computers themselves have a plastic screen that reduces the resolution rate. This is why people have such a hard time seeing things on the computer. No matter where people sit in front of the computer screen, it will always produce different colors; therefore, making it harder to read the screen. People cannot, however, have a Laptop act as a server like a Personal computer can. Laptop's computers also do not have a mouse, because it would be too hard to carry one around all the time. So Laptops usually have a touch screen computer, a touch pad that is just below the keyboard, or a tiny round button that sticks out from the keyboard keys, called a sensitivity button. It is always amazing to see what new and improved technology companies are coming out with today. The computer will always be with us, whether it is for people's personal use for fun, jumping on a plane with their Laptop by their side, or just surfing the World Wide Web.

How to Write Finance Term Paper Guidelines for Students

How to Write Finance Term Paper Guidelines for Students Effective written communication skills are of great importance to anyone at university and in a future career. That’s why academic writing is an essential part of the education process and typically, college and university students are assigned lots of different papers in practically all college subjects and finance is no exception. There are different types of written assignments you may need to complete as a part of your coursework in finance, for example, business essay, business reports, case studies, research papers etc. In this finance term paper writing guide, we will concentrate on writing a finance term paper but the principles we discuss here may be applied to other different types of communication. You will learn: what a finance term paper is; how to choose a winning topic; how to structure your finance term paper and organize the writing process; how to edit and proofread your term paper in finance. Besides, you’ll find here a short list of impressive term paper topics that can serve you as great ideas for your inspiration. Keep reading. What Is Finance Term Paper? A finance term paper is a research paper that students who study finance in college have to complete and submit at the end of the term. Term papers typically account for the major part of student grade in a certain course so you need to approach them seriously. Your assignment when writing your finance term paper may be to describe a concept, an event or argue a certain point. You have to discuss a specific finance topic or issue in detail and your term paper must be several pages in length. It goes without saying that this work must be absolutely original and demonstrate your good understanding of the topic and your analytical and critical thinking skills. The key to the success of your finance term paper is getting its structure right. Let’s outline the structure of a basic term paper. The basic structure of a typical finance term paper is the sequence of certain parts: The Title page includes information about the paper title, its author, and the educational institution; The abstract is a very brief summary of the entire paper; it is one paragraph of not more than 250 words in length (often it is even shorter); The introduction sets the scene or lays background or foundation to the term paper. You need to explain what your topic is and why it is worth studying; Methods section gives details on how the research was conducted; Results section describes the paper’s findings; Discussion section gives a summary of the results, their interpretation and explains why the findings are significant; References include a list of books or articles cited in the paper. Your instructor may offer you to complete your finance term paper in a different format so you need to read the assignment guidelines carefully and follow them in your writing. Now you have an idea of what a finance term paper is so let’s discuss another important question – how to select a winning topic. How to Choose a Great Finance Term Paper Topic Typically, the topics for term papers are assigned by instructors but sometimes, students are given the freedom to select a topic on their own. If you are a beginner in studying finance, it can be rather tricky. Here are some easy tips on how you can successfully do it. Pick a topic you are interested in. You are likely to enjoy writing your term paper and your audience will appreciate your enthusiasm and your passion when reading your work. The writing process is long but it is always easier to do something and overcome difficulties if you like what you are doing; You can look for finance term paper topics ideas online, in authoritative newspapers and journals, in databases of your university library etc.; Choose a topic your already know something about. It will be easier to perform research and evaluate your sources; The majority of topics are too broad to cover them in a limited format so you should always narrow your finance topic to a manageable size that will fit your word limit. For example, the topic ‘profitability of banks’ is too broad for a term paper format so you can narrow it to ‘influence of interest rates on the profitability of banks’. Lack ideas for writing your finance paper? Here is a short list of interesting finance term paper topics that can be useful for brainstorming your own ideas. You can also use any of these topic ideas for creating your own term papers in finance. Compare Capital Markets of China and The USA; Future of The Global Financial System; What Was the Effect of The Global Financial Crisis on the Financial System of the United States? Drivers of an Economic Growth in The European Union; How Can We Predict Speculative Asset Bubbles? Analysis of The Profitability Of The USA Banks; How Does Interest Rate Influence Share Price? Aspects of Financial Performance in The Baking Sector; How Does Capital Structure Affect Profitability? Risk Management in an Enterprise. Doing Research If the topic for your research paper was given to you by your instructor, you have to analyze the prompt for keywords that explain the issue or topic, for example, argue, evaluate, discuss, prove, analyze etc. Before you start doing the research, you need to know precisely what you have to do and what content is required. Then, you’ll be able to make an informed choice of your primary and secondary sources. First, you have to plan your research and consider what sources you can use to cover your topic. You have to consult the materials that are available in your university library. You can use books and articles in printed journals or in electronic format, statistics reports, and databases. Create a preliminary list of sources and start reading. To improve your productivity, you can use scanning and skimming techniques. You should also always keep your research question in mind that will help to concentrate only on relevant sources. Reading broadly can help you get a general understanding of your topic and formulate your perspective on the topic. After that, you can focus your reading on more detailed works. You can search for texts that provide details on the issue using library databases and catalog and reference lists in journal articles. When you finish your reading, you should have a strong position on the issue that will help you create a convincing argument and write coherently. Now you can make an outline and start writing the first draft. An outline will help you keep your writing organized so you won’t miss anything and effectively present all the information you have gathered during your research. Writing Your Term Paper When you have gathered the substantive information for your term paper, you should start writing, taking into account 4 critical elements of writing – organization, documentation, style, and revision. We have already explained that all the components of a finance term paper are divided into sections – introduction, literature review, methodology, findings, discussion, and conclusion. You need to use headings and sub-headings in sections to help your readers follow your presentation. As for the style, your writing should be clear and organized. You should present facts, analysis, and theories using simple declarative sentences. You’d better avoid complex constructions that are hard to follow. As for the documentation, you must attribute all quotations and paraphrasing to the original author. You need to precisely specify data sources to help your readers find them if they would like to read more on your topic. There different formats for documenting sources – APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard etc. When writing your project, you should follow the format specified by your instructor. Typically, the author-date-page method is used to reference in the text because it is rather simple. Revision is the final key to the success of your finance term paper. You should always reread your first draft with a critical eye and make changes to improve it. Start writing your first draft to get ideas from your brain onto paper and pay attention to these critical elements while working on the term paper sections. Tips to Writing Finance Term Paper Sections: Pieces of Advice from Our Writers In the introduction, you have to state the main research problem and the thesis argument. You should identify the topic of your research and explain why it is important. You should also outline the key points that you are going to present. In the Methods section, you have to discuss the specific research methodology you have used and how you gathered data. In finance, researchers use a variety of qualitative and quantitative methods and you need to explain why you have chosen specific methods for performing your research. In the literature review, you need to provide the context of the existing knowledge in your field. You have to discuss what is known about the subject of your finance term paper. In the Results section, you have to report on data collection and present the main findings. In the Discussion section, interpret your results and discuss your findings by comparing them with the previous research. In the conclusion, you need to give an answer to the research question and offer perspective for future investigation. An abstract is written after you have completed the entire text of your finance term paper and is required when your paper is long and complex. Its length is between 100 to 300 words. You have to describe the essence of your paper and include information about the research question, methods, and key findings. Your instructor will read this part of your term paper first so you should do your best to impress him/her. How to Edit a Finance Term Paper No matter how much outlining and planning you do before you start writing, your first draft just presents raw material and you need to spend some time to make improvements in content, logic, flow, and style. Effective editing of your finance term paper could mean the difference between a good grade and an excellent one so you should devote enough time to editing your term paper. But before you start doing it, just puts your paper aside for some time so that you could edit it with fresh eyes. Editing your own paper is not easy because you have spent so much time doing research and writing your draft that you got used to your term paper and may experience the so-called writers’ blindness. But editing is a vital step in creating an impressive term paper that can get you a high grade. Here are some useful editing tips to help make your finance term paper perfect. Start the editing process by looking at your finance term paper structure. You may need to rearrange your paragraphs to make your structure more logical; Edit long sentences and paragraphs because they are more difficult to read; Improve your word choice and check overly complicated language. Try to use simple words and phrases and aim for clear and concise language; Fix the repetition of words in the same paragraph or sentence. You can rephrase them or use synonyms. Common words should be used only once in a paragraph; Don’t rely on the spellcheck because it can highlight some misspelling and typos but it can’t detect using the wrong words; Omit unnecessary words that just add to the word count to your term paper but they don’t provide any meaning; Take measures to ensure the consistent spelling of the words that have more than one correct spelling; Check the sentences and put commas where you would pause when speaking aloud; Get rid of ellipses and remove tautologies; Ensure consistent formatting that can make your paper look professional. When you edit your finance term paper and make improvements, read your paper aloud. This technique is often used by experienced writers who use it to find and fix some typical mistakes and typos. Use our easy finance term paper writing tips to achieve better grades and results.

Cmo llenar bien la planilla DS-261 para green card

Cmo llenar bien la planilla DS-261 para green card En la tramitacià ³n de las tarjetas de residencia que se hacen a travà ©s del Centro Nacional de visas (NVC, por sus siglas en inglà ©s), la planilla DS-261 sirve para designar agente con el que la administracià ³n se va a comunicar. En este mismo formulario DS-261 tambià ©n se designa la direccià ³n de dicho agente, es decir, al lugar donde el NVC enviar las comunicaciones.   En este artà ­culo se explica cundo procede este formulario y en que casos no es necesario. Asimismo, quà © personas pueden ser nombradas como agentes. Tambià ©n se dan importantes consejos sobre como llenarlo y en quà © momento se debe enviar y adà ³nde. Cundo se debe completar el DS-261 Primero hay que esperar a recibir notificacià ³n de que la solicitud de peticià ³n de green card ha sido aprobada, lo cual ya se comunicà ³ mediante el documento conocido como NOA2. Adems, es necesario esperar a que llegue la fecha de prioridad en todos los casos de peticiones de green card dentro de categorà ­as sujetos a mximos por aà ±o fiscal. En estos casos lo aconsejable es consultar todos los meses el Boletà ­n de Visas que publica el Departamento de Estado. Quià ©n puede ser designado como agente La ley permite varias opciones, como por ejemplo, el beneficiario para el que se solicita la tarjeta de residencia, el solicitante, un abogado o incluso un familiar o amigo de confianza. Cundo no es necesario designar a un agente   En 3 casos no es necesario: En primer lugar, en los casos de tarjeta de residencia por adopcià ³n. En segundo lugar, en los casos de peticià ³n para uno mismo. Destacar que esos casos son la excepcià ³n, ya   que en la mayorà ­a de los casos las peticiones las realiza un solicitante que puede ser una empresa o un familiar y a favor de un beneficiario.   Y en tercer lugar, cuando se tiene un abogado que ya envià ³ al Servicio de Inmigracià ³n y Ciudadanà ­a (USCIS, por sus siglas en inglà ©s) el formulario G-28, en el que aparece como agente. Cà ³mo llenar la planilla DS-261  (en inglà ©s Choice of Address and Agent) Se llena electrà ³nicamente, para ello  ir a la pgina de internet del Departamento de Estado. Estos son los pasos a seguir: En la là ­nea justo encima de donde pone (Last Name) escribir el apellido (o apellidos)Donde pone (First Name) corresponde el nombre de pilaDonde pone (MI) escribir la inicial del segundo nombre, si se tiene.Por ejemplo, una persona que se llama  Carolina Elvira Vzquez Fernndez tendrà ­a que escribir Vzquez Fernndez   Carolina   E. A continuacià ³n hay cuatro opciones y se  pide que marcar  con una x el cuadradito lo que corresponda al caso. Asà ­: En primer lugar, si se quiere que un abogado o un agente reciba todas las comunicaciones relativas a tu caso, marca la primera opcià ³n, que comienza con las palabras I Appoint. Si esta es la  opcià ³n debe escribirse su nombre completo (name of the person), su nà ºmero de telà ©fono (telephone number), su direccià ³n (street address), su direccià ³n de correo electrà ³nico (email address), su ciudad (city), estado o provincia (state/province), el cà ³digo postal (postal code) y el paà ­s (country). Este abogado o agente puede estar en Estados Unidos o en el extranjero. En segundo lugar, si se quiere  que otra persona que no es el abogado reciba las comunicaciones sobre el caso, entonces marcar con una x la segunda opcià ³n, que es la que empieza con las palabras I do not appoint. En este caso se puede elegir la direccià ³n del solicitante, beneficiario, amigo o familiar. La que resulte ms conveniente sobre todo pensando en cul tiene un servicio de correos ms confiable y quià ©n no piensa mudarse en los siguientes meses.   Donde pone street address hay la opcià ³n de incluir in care of. Esto es porque toda la correspondencia se va a enviar a  nombre del beneficiaroi, pero si en el buzà ³n est el nombre de otra persona, debe incluirse la expresià ³n de In care of y el nombre de esa persona.   En tercer lugar, si ya se ha  recibido tu tarjeta de residencia, por la razà ³n que sea, entonces marcar la tercera opcià ³n, que comienza con I have already legally immigrated to the U.S. Si ese es el caso, incluir el nà ºmero de Alien Registration Number. Por à ºtimo, si ya no se desea emigrar a Estados Unidos, marcar la opcià ³n cuarta, la que dice: I no longer wish to apply for an immigrant visa. Finalmente, firma y fecha el documento, poniendo el mes, dà ­a y aà ±o, en ese orden. Si no se envà ­a el formulario DS-261 en el plazo de 1 aà ±o, el NVC entiende que se ha abandonado la peticià ³n. Consejos a tener en cuenta al completar el formulario En primer lugar, destacar que imprescindible completar el formulario en el idioma inglà ©s. Adems, no se pueden utilizar signos o letras que no existen en esa lengua, por ejemplo, la  ¨Ãƒ ±Ã‚ ¨. Tambià ©n es importante decir que es importante guardar cada poco el formulario segà ºn se va completando, para ello hacer click en la opcià ³n de Save. Si durante ms de 20 minutos no se est activo en la pgina, el sistema se desconecta automticamente, perdià ©ndose todo lo que no haya sido expresamente guardado. Por à ºltimo, mencionar que mentir en un documento migratorio se considera un fraude de ley. Y, si es descubierto, tiene importantes consecuencias para este trmite y cualquier otro.  ¿Dà ³nde se tiene que enviar el formulario DS-261? Darle a submit. Es posible  comunicarse con el Centro Nacional de Visas, si fuera necesario. La à ºnica excepcià ³n son los casos de tarjetas de residencia que se han obtenido al ganar el sorteo de la loterà ­a de visas de la diversidad. En estos casos, comunicarse con el KCC.  ¿Quà © pasa a continuacià ³n? Una vez que el NVC recibe la planilla DS-261, enviar a la direccià ³n que se le dijo en esa planilla una factura para procesar la visa de inmigrante para el esposo que vive fuera de Estados Unidos.   Una vez que se recibe el pago, se recibirn ms instrucciones sobre los documentos a enviar y planillas a llenar y que hay que enviar al NVC como, por ejemplo, la declaracià ³n de sostenimiento econà ³mico, tambià ©n conocido en inglà ©s como affidavit of support. Finalmente se desarrollar una entrevista en un consulado o embajada de los Estados Unidos. Ahà ­ se decidir si se aprueba la visa de inmigrante, que puede negarse por mà ºltiples causas. Si se aprueba, se puede ingresar a Estados Unidos en los siguientes seis meses. El paso por el control migratorio convertir la visa de inmigrante en una tarjeta de residencia, es decir, la green card. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

Research Proposal Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Proposal - Research Paper Example This is because the combination ensures very high level of empirical representation of data as well as consolidates the validity and reliability of data collection and analysis. It is estimated that the present research will cost USD 900 and span for a period of 2 months. It would however become the hub of comprehensive information for Al Waseet to identify its market base and rightly strategize on both short term and long term to take advantage of this market. Background Al Waseet enters the Daily New Paper market as a new entrant who is faced with a number of critical competitions, which if not addressed could affect and undermine the success of the business (Project Management Institute, 2008). But to address the issues effectively, it is important to have a comprehensive marketing research that identifies key opportunities, threats, strengths and weaknesses of the company (Alexis, 2007). It is against this background that the present marketing research proposal is necessary. It w ould be observed that access to information is fast becoming a necessity for the ordinary person on the streets of Bahrain (McClain, 2002). This is partly because the world is shrinking in terms of access to information and becoming closed up under the wheels of globalization. The Daiky Newpaper industry has therefore become competitive in Bahrain. This notwithstanding, Al Waseet is in a position to creating its own competitive advantage that would make it not just a local force in the business but a company with international repute (Perry, 2008). Problem Definition/ Objectives of the Research There exists a well formulated Newspaper industry in Bahrain (Gabby, 2009). This however does not mean that the door is closed to new entrants. The only problem is that new entrants would have to have their own competitive advantages and marketing strategies that would help them win new lines of customers. The objective of the research is therefore to come out with both short term and long te rm strategic marketing plan that would ensure that Al Waseet gains a competitive advantage as a new entrant on the Bahrain market. Approach to the problem As a marketing research, it is highly important that the proposed research have qualities that make it possible to have tangential access to information (Tawiah, 2009). More to this, it is important that data collected can be ascribed to both qualitative and quantitative scrutiny. In light of this, there shall be a mixed approach towards the research whereby the researcher shall use a mixed approach made up of qualitative and quantitative research approaches. Research Design The selection of research design is directly linked to the research approach because the research design should be selected in a way that makes it possible to achieve the provisions of the research approach, which is proposed to be a mixed approach. To this end, the researcher proposes the use of survey research design for the present study. With a survey rese arch design, the researcher will be offered the opportunity to use a number of data collection instruments to collect a combination of qualitative and quantitative data from both the field and from existing literature (Alpha, 2005). Fieldwork/ Data Collection The fieldwork is going to constitute an important component of primary data collection. What this means is that the researcher is going to use fieldwork to collect

Identify two texts dealing with contemporary art practices related to Coursework

Identify two texts dealing with contemporary art practices related to Italy - Coursework Example The paper "Identify two texts dealing with contemporary art practices related to Italy" concerns the two texts dealing with contemporary art practices related to Italy. This group ÃŽ ¿f powerful families wanted to show the world that their learning, piety and taste made them worthy ÃŽ ¿f their high standing in society. Among the greatest patrons were members ÃŽ ¿f the powerful Medici family, who spent money on constructing churches and encouraging art. The works date from the time ÃŽ ¿f Lorenzo de Medici whom Machiavelli called "the greatest patron ÃŽ ¿f art and literature that any prince has ever been. The Florentine government also transferred the responsibility for artistic projects to individual guilds. The guilds formed the basis ÃŽ ¿f the city's political system. For example, during the fourteenth century, the Duomo and Baptistery were allocated to the Wool and Cloth Merchants respectively. The government also established "...guild rivalry as a powerful competitive spur to publ ic patronage in Florence. Females were also energetic artistic patrons and commissioned art in their roles as religious, royalty and noble women. Time and again, agreements with artists were arranged for females by a male family member, a monk, or a priest. Religious women and their communities (holy orders, individual nuns and abbesses) ordered decorations for their convent cells, refectories, and church altarpieces. The Christian church dominated the lives ÃŽ ¿f Europeans and thus embodied both the government and the patron

Macbeth-gloomy Indeed :: essays research papers

Is the Shakespearean play â€Å"Macbeth† a gloomy play full of darkness and evil? Every way you look at this play it seems very dark and gloomy, whether from a historians point of view, an actors, a casual reader of plays, etc. Three of the main features that add to the dark and evil feel of this play are the atmospheric scenery, the homely and repugnant characters and the homicidal hot-headed back stabbing. The scenery depicted in this play is very gloomy indeed. This gloomy scenery would fit the time period in which this play roughly takes place in. Three very intricate parts of this play happen on a â€Å"moor†(Act1,sc1 & Act1,sc3 & Act4 sc1). In the first act, first scene the witches first meet on a barren , gloomy landscape (Moor). The second time they are on the moor where they begin their shit disturbing. The third time they give Macbeth some more information, about his dark demise. Weather adds to the â€Å"gloominess† of this play. The quote â€Å"Hover through the fog and filthy air† (Act1,sc1) really gives gloomy mental picture. Even the most de-sensitized person can understand how a violent storm is gloomy. This quote, â€Å"As whence the sun’gins ... shipwracking storms and direful thunders break.†(Act1,sc2), tells of one such storm during the battle in the beginning of the play. Storms, battles, that’ll make anyone a â€Å"gloomy Gus†. Lightning is a very gloomy sort of deal because with lightning there is rain and dark clouds and its scary. In this play there are a lot of scenes where lightning and thunder is the weather of choice by Shakespeare (Act1,sc1 & Act1, sc3 & Act3, sc5 & Act4,sc1). The lightning is always present when the witches are involved in a scene. â€Å"Macbeth† comes complete with rather gloomy looking roles like the witches. Banquo explains how horrid these witches look in this quote, â€Å"By each her choppy finger laying upon her skinny lips : you should be women, and yet your beards forbid me to interpret that you are so.†(Act 1,sc3). Women with beards?...... gloomy indeed. And if women with beards weren’t gloomy enough there are old fat ladies in â€Å"Macbeth†. The quote â€Å"...the rump-fed ronyon cries†(Act1,sc3) which tells of a fat old lady. Also, back then no one bathed, and a mixture of fat old ladies (and men) who don’t bathe, would ruin even the most utopian of days. Besides looks, the mysterious power that the witches possess is considered dark.

Product Life Cycle of Nokia Essay

INTRODUCTION In the present context, managing has become one of the most important areas of human activity because of increasing role of large and complex organisations in the society. Because of their increasing role, the organisations have attracted the attention of both practitioners and academicians to find out the solutions for business problems. Concept Defining the term management precisely is not so simple because the term management is used in a variety of ways. Being a new discipline, it has drawn concepts and principles from a number of disciplines such as economics, sociology, psychology, anthropology, statistics and so on. Each group of contributors has treated management differently. For example, economists have treated management as a factor of production; sociologists have treated it as a class or group of persons; practitioners have treated it as a process comprising different activities. DEFINITION â€Å"Management is the art of getting things done through and with people in formally organized groups† — Koontz â€Å"Management is the art of knowing what you want to do and then seeing that it is done in the best and cheapest way† – F.W. Taylor â€Å"Management is the art of securing maximum results with minimum effort so as to secure maximum prosperity and happiness for both employer and employee and give the public the best possible service† — John Mee. â€Å"Management is the accomplishment of results through the efforts of other people† — Lawrence â€Å"Management is simply the process of decision making and control over the action of human beings for the expressed purpose of attaining predetermined goals† – Stanley V. â€Å"Management is a process involving planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling human efforts to achieve stated objectives in an organization.† From the above definitions, the following features are identified:1) Organised Activities: Management is a process of organized activities. Without organized activities, two groups of people cannot be involved in the performance of activities. Where a group of people are involved in working towards a common objective, management comes into existence. 2) Existence of objectives: The existence of objectives is a basic criterion of e very human organization because all organizations are deliberate and purposive creation and, therefore, they should have Introduction to Management some objectives. Without objectives, it becomes difficult to define the direction where organized group of activities would lead to. 3) Relationship among resources: Organised activities meant to achieve common goals are brought about to establish certain relationships about the available resources. Resources include money, machine, material, men and methods. All these resources are made available to those who manage the organization. Managers apply knowledge, experience, principles for getting the desired results. Thus, the essence of management is integration of various organisational resources. 4) Working with and through people: Management involves working with people and getting organisational objectives achieved through them. The idea of working through people is interpreted in terms of assigning and reassigning of activities to subordinates. 5) Decision Making: Management process involves decision making at various levels for getting things done through people. Decision making basically involves selecting the most appropriate alternative out of the several. If there is only one alternative, there is no question of decision making. Nature of Management: – The study and application of management techniques in managing the affairs of the organization have changed its nature over a period of time. The following points will describe the nature of management 1) Multidisciplinary: Management has been developed as a separate discipline, but it draws knowledge and concepts from various disciplines like psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, statistics, operations research etc.,. Management integrates the idea and concepts taken from these disciplines and presents newer concepts which can be put into practice for managing the organisations 2) Dynamic nature of Principles: Principle is a fundamental truth which esta blishes cause and effect relationships of a function. Based on integration and supported by practical evidences, management has framed certain principles. However, these principles are flexible in nature and change with the changes in the environment in which an organization exists. 3) Relative, Not absolute Principles: Management principles are relative, not absolute, and they should be applied according to the need of the organization. Each organization may be different from others. The difference may exist because of time, place, socio-cultural factors, etc.,. 4) Management: Science or Art: There is a controversy whether management is science or art. An art is personal skill of business affairs. Art is characterized by practical knowledge, personal creativity and skill. The more one practices an art, the more professional one becomes. Management can be considered as an art because it satisfies all these criterion of an art. A science is a systematized body of knowledge of facts. It can establish cause-and-effect relationships among various factors. It involves basic principles, which are capable of universal application. Management can be considered as science because it satisfies all these criterion of a science. Introduction to Management 5) Management as profession: Management has been regarded as a profession by many while many have suggested that it has not achieved the status of a profession. Profession refers to a vocation or a branch of advanced learning such as engineering or medicine. 6) Universality of management: Management is a universal phenomenon. However, management principles are not universally applicable but are to be modified according to the needs of the situation. Importance of Management Management has been important to the daily lives of people and to the organisations. The importance of management may be traces with the following. 1) Effective utilisation of Resources: Management tries to make effective utilisation of various resources. The resources are scarce in nature and to meet the demand of the society, their contribution should be more for the general interests of the society. Management not only decides in which particular alternative a particular resource should be used, but also takes actions to utilize it in that particular alternative in the best way. 2) Development of Resources: Management develops various resources. This is true with human as well as non-human factors. Most of the researchers for resource development are carried on in an organized way and management is involved in these organized activities. 3) It ensures continuity in the organization: Continuity is very important in the organisations. Where there are no proper guidelines for decision making continuity can not be guaranteed. It is quite natural that new people join while some others retire or leave the organization. It is only management that keeps the organization continuing. 4) Integrating various interest groups: In the organized efforts, there are various interest groups and they put pressure over other groups for maximum share in the combined output. For example, in case of a business organization, there are various pressure groups such as shareholders, employees, govt. etc. these interest groups have pressure on an organization. Management has to balance these pressures from various interest groups. 5) Stability in the society: Management provides stability in the society by changing and modifying the resources in accordance with the changing environment of the society. In the modern age, more emphasis is on new inventions for the betterment of human beings. These inventions make old systems and factors mostly obsolete and inefficient. Management provides integration between traditions and new inventions, and safeguards society from the unfavorable impact of these inventions so that continuity in social process is maintained. Functions of Management:To achieve the organisational objectives managers at all levels of organization should perform different functions. A function is a group of similar activities. Introduction to Management The list of management functions varies from author to author with the number of functions varying from three to eight. Writers Henry Fayol Luther Gullick R. Davis Management Functions Planning, Organizing, Commanding, Coordinating, Controlling POSDCORD- Planning, Organising, Staffing, Directing, Coordinating, Reporting, Directing Planning , Organising, Controlling Planning, Organising, Motivating, Coordinating, Controlling Planning, Organising, Staffing, Leading, Controlling Koontz Different authors presented different variations. By combining some of functions, these are broadly grouped into Planning, Organising, Staffing, Directing, and Controlling. 1) Planning: Planning is the conscious determination of future course of action. This involves why an action, what action, how to take action, and when to take action. Thus, planning includes determination of specific objectives, determining projects and programs, setting policies and strategies, setting rules and procedures and prepar ing budgets. 2) Organising: Organising is the process of dividing work into convenient tasks or duties, grouping of such duties in the form of positions, grouping of various positions into departments and sections, assigning duties to individual positions, and delegating authority to each positions so that the work is carried out as planned. It is viewed as a bridge connecting the conceptual idea developed in creating and planning to the specific means for accomplishment these ideas. 3) Staffing: Staffing involves manning the various positions created by the organizing process. It includes preparing inventory of personal available and identifying the sources of people, selecting people, training and developing them, fixing financial compensation, appraising them periodically etc. 4) Directing: when people are available in the organization, they must know what they are expected to do in the organization. Superior managers fulfill this requirement by communicating to subordinates about their expected behavior. Once subordinates are oriented, the superiors have continuous responsibility of guiding and leading them for better work performance and motivating them to work with zeal and enthusiasm. Thus, directing includes communicating, motivating and leading. 5) Controlling: Controlling involves identification of actual results, comparison of actual results with expected results as set by planning process, identification of deviations between the two, if any, and taking of corrective action so that actual results match with expected results. Introduction to Management TAYLOR & SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT The concept of scientific management was introduced by Frederick Winslow Taylor in USA in the beginning of 20th century. â€Å"Scientific management is concerned with knowing exactly what you want to do and then see in that they do it in the best and cheapest way† Since Taylor has put the emphasis on solving managerial problems in a scientific way, often, he is called as father of scientific management and his contributions as the principles of scientific management. Taylor carried experiments about how to increase the efficiency of people. On the basis of experiments, he published many papers and books and all his contributions were compiled in his book â€Å"scientific management†. His contributions are divided into two parts. Elements and tools of scientific management Principles of scientific management FEATURES / ELEMENTS AND TOOLS OF SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT 1) Separation of planning & doing: Taylor emphasized the separation of planning aspect from actual doing of the work. In other words planning should be left to the supervisor and the worker should concentrate only operational work. 2) Functional foremanship: Taylor introduced the concept of functional foremanship based on specialization of functions. In this system, eight persons are involved to direct the activities of workers. Out of these four persons are concerned with planning viz., route clerk, instruction card clerk, time and cost clerk and disciplinarian. The remaining four persons are concerned with doing aspect of the job, viz., speed boss, inspector, gang boss and maintenance foreman. It is against to the principle of unity of command.

Federal and State Forestry Assistance Programs

There are a variety of U.S. Federal forestry assistance programs available to assist people with their forestry and conservation needs. The following forestry assistance programs, some financial and some technical, are major programs available to the forest landowner in the United States. These programs are designed to help a landowner with the cost of tree planting. Most of these programs are cost-share programs that will pay a percentage of the establishment cost of the trees. You should first study the delivery flow for assistance which starts at the local level. You will have to inquire, sign up, and be approved locally in your specific conservation district. It takes some persistence and you must be prepared to work and cooperate with a bureaucratic process that some people would rather not put up with. Find the nearest National Resource Conservation Service (NRCS) office for assistance. The Farm Bill authorizes billions of dollars in funding for conservation programs. Forestry is certainly a major part. These conservation programs were created to improve natural resources on Americas private lands. Forest owners have used millions of those dollars for the improvement of their forested properties. Listed are the major programs and sources of forestry assistance. However, you need to be aware that there are other sources for assistance on a state and local level. Your local NRCS office will know these and point you in the right direction. Environmental Quality Improvement Program (EQIP) The EQIP program provides technical assistance and cost-share to eligible landowners for forestry practices, such as site preparation and planting of hardwood and pine trees, fencing to keep livestock out of the forest, forest road stabilization, timber stand improvement (TSI), and invasive species control. Priority is given to projects with multiple management practices to be completed over a number of years. Wildlife Habitat Improvement Program (WHIP) The WHIP program provides technical assistance and cost-share to eligible landowners who install wildlife habitat improvement practices on their land. These practices may include tree and shrub planting, prescribed burning, invasive species control, the creation of forest openings, riparian buffer establishment and fencing livestock from the forest. Wetlands Reserve Program (WRP) WRP is a voluntary program that provides technical assistance and financial incentives to restore, protect, and enhance wetlands in exchange for retiring marginal land from agriculture. Landowners that enter into WRP may be paid an easement payment in exchange for enrolling their land. Program emphasis is on restoring wet cropland to bottomland hardwoods. Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) The CRP reduces soil erosion, protects the nations ability to produce food and fiber, reduces sedimentation in streams and lakes, improves water quality, establishes wildlife habitat, and enhances forest and wetland resources. It encourages farmers to convert highly erodible cropland or another environmentally sensitive acreage to vegetative cover. Biomass Crop Assistance Program (BCAP) BCAP provides financial assistance to producers or entities that deliver eligible biomass material to designated biomass conversion facilities for use as heat, power, biobased products or biofuels. Initial assistance will be for the Collection, Harvest, Storage, and Transportation (CHST) costs associated with the delivery of eligible materials.